Capsule Astronaut
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Capsule Astronaut
On a mission to Mars, space capsule protection from solar radiation would be...?
...made out of lead? An electrically-powered magnetic field? Would this be possible to protect the astronauts so that they don't get zapped by radiation for months on end? Are those plausible resources?
Are there other materials/inventions that can protect them?
Bonus: if a rocket, theoretically, were to cut power, would it simply keep moving on its own due to the force of inertia? It is, after all, space. (This is also assuming that there are no interfering collisions and the solar wind wasn't pushing the capsule in any given direction.)
Graphite nanofibre, enriched with light hydrogen atoms could be used to insulate living quarters or the interiors of spacecraft without being prohibitively heavy. The key word is "hydrogen" enriched products such as plastics, foams and synthetics.
We'll also need MAGNETS!
Remember, Earth's MAGNETIC FIELD deflects COSMIC rays, while our ATMOSPHERE blocks out uv, gamma and x-rays. The geodynamo in the core of the Earth generates its magnetic field. A magnetic field also protects any water from being photodissociated by solar uv, a process which strips hydrogen from water molecules, while the solar wind blows it off into space. Mars once had flowing rivers, but lost most, if not all of its water and atmosphere due to photodissociation.
Ideally, a series of 3 magnetic fields should be in place in order to live on the moon or on Mars, and to protect its waters--mobile, local and global magnetic fields:
On Earth, the magnetic field on the SURFACE is only 0.5 to 2.0 gauss, while near the CORE, it's approximately 100,000 gauss, or 10 Tesla. That's because magnetic flux varies as the Inverse CUBE of the distance, R. Use a fluxgate magnetometer to measure the magnetic field.
A Samarium Cobalt magnet of 1 Tesla, imbedded 5' under a compressed dome will create "local" magnetic fields, protecting about 50 inhabitants from cosmic rays.
Elongated Bar Magnets (300-500 gauss) strapped onto spacesuits will create a cosmic umbrella of "mobile" magnetic fields, deflecting cosmic rays while you walk and work. Eventually, a global magnetic field will be necessary in order to walk out of the dome and begin building an atmosphere.
To create a "global" magnetic field on Mars, a Superconducting Magnetic Ring would have to be imbedded deep into the crust, about 2000' deep. You'll need to have a Superconducting Magnet that meets these specifications: variable ramping up from 2 to 14 Tesla; quench recovery; ability to sustain a "persistent current" indefinitely; backup and failure protection; 24/7 monitoring system. Super Pulsed Fiber Lasers such as the Photonic's IPG laser will make lunar and Martian excavation projects a breeze compared to conventional drilling equipment: rocks will glow red hot and crumble. The Superconducting Magnetic Ring would have to be placed in a HORIZONTAL position, for the correct North-South alignment that is most similar to Earth's magnetic field.
Dust storms will eventually subside once a magnetic field is in place, and adequate cloud cover develops, since it's the radiation which kicks up the storm to begin with. In the meantime, we'll have to make like groundhogs to protect ourselves. Olympus Mons can be converted to a storm shelter/mall using Super Pulsed Fiber Lasers like the Photonic IPG laser to excavate.
Last, but not least, is the successful development of the Anti-Matter spacecraft which NASA had proposed. It would reduce a trip to Mars from 8 months to 1 month. (Penn State U.)
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Shining UFOs Fly By The Capsule, Astronaut Describing What He Sees!!!
How were old space capsules controlled and turned in space?
In the old Days,when space travel was new,astronauts traveled in space capsules,how did they control the capsules themselves? Please keep it simplified.
The Mercury capsules, (ahem spacecraft), used hydrogen peroxide released in small amounts at various points on the craft to change it's orientation. For slowing down for re-entry there was a small solid-fuel rocket strapped to the back of the craft.
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